Best bank 2025: CTBC Bank
Driven by its stable financial performance, the growth of its retail banking segment and the robust performance of its corporate banking division, CTBC Bank remained the undisputed leader in Taiwan’s highly competitive banking sector over the past year.
In 2024, CTBC Bank demonstrated consistent financial strength, achieving a pre-tax profit of NT$62.83 billion (approximately $1.93 billion). The bank reported a return on equity of 13.15%, a return on assets of 0.81%, and earnings per share of NT$3.13. Its total assets stood at NT$6.473 trillion. CTBC Bank continued to lead Taiwan’s banking industry, holding the top position in revenue, profitability and capital size.
In the retail banking segment, CTBC Bank recorded a 2.5% increase in individual CIFs and a 6% rise in assets under management. Meanwhile, the bank’s TTL revenue surged by 17% compared to the previous year.
The bank’s corporate arm also delivered strong results in 2024. CTBC Bank ranked number one in Taiwan’s factoring market for the fifth consecutive year, holding a 28% market share. It also maintained its position as the leading bank in Taiwan for foreign currency deposit balances, contributing to a 17% increase in fee income.
Best investment bank 2025: Citi
Celebrating its 60th anniversary in Taiwan in 2024, Citi reaffirmed its position as the undisputed leader in the country’s investment banking sector. The firm demonstrated all-around excellence across all categories, maintaining its top rankings in league tables for debt capital markets (DCM), equity capital markets, and mergers & acquisitions, according to Dealogic.
In DCM, Citi participated in three bond deals that raised a total of $1.6 billion in 2024. Acting as joint global coordinator, Citi facilitated the issuance of $700 million in subordinated bonds for Nan Shan Life – marking the largest offshore bond issuance by a Taiwanese financial institution.
Another significant milestone was the $600 million subordinated bond issued by Cathay Life, representing the first-ever US dollar-denominated public bond offering from Taiwan’s insurance industry.
In the M&A space, Citi successfully completed three transactions totalling $4.7 billion in 2024. Most notably, Citi served as the exclusive financial adviser to WT Microelectronics in its landmark acquisition of Canada-based Future Electronics. This all-cash deal, valued at $3.8 billion, was the largest global acquisition in the IT distribution sector since 2021 and the largest ever by a Taiwanese company.
On the equity side, Citi participated in 12 deals, raising a total of $5.9 billion. In six of these transactions Citi acted as sole global coordinator, once again underscoring its pivotal role in Taiwan’s investment banking landscape.
Best investment bank for DCM 2025: HSBC Taiwan
HSBC Taiwan has demonstrated momentum in Taiwan’s debt capital markets in 2024, establishing itself as country’s best investment bank for DCM. The bank strengthened its footprint, reflecting a strategic focus on market leadership and client delivery.
While HSBC’s global DCM performance was strong, ranking number 11 globally with $859 million in fees, its regional presence was particularly notable, with Asia-Pacific contributing 20% of that revenue. Within this regional growth, HSBC Taiwan made visible strides. The bank’s own Formosa bond issuance in 2024 included a NT$8.8 billion ($299 million) 2035 bond and a NT$3 billion green bond maturing in 2025, underscoring its active participation and credibility in the local market.
HSBC Taiwan reportedly climbed more than five positions year-on-year by issue volume, capturing a more than 10% market share. Fee revenue from DCM activities in Taiwan more than doubled, highlighting the commercial impact of this performance.
This acceleration in both volume and revenue reflects HSBC Taiwan’s deep understanding of market dynamics and a client-centric approach tailored to evolving issuer needs.
Best investment bank for M&A 2025: Citi
Citi has established itself as a leading force in Taiwan’s M&A landscape, significantly contributing to the region’s investment banking prowess. The bank’s 2024 success is highlighted through its advisory role in several prominent M&A transactions.
Citi’s leadership is built on the combination of global reach, strong local relationships and a consistent track record across M&A, equity and debt capital markets.
Among its most notable deals, Citi advised WT Microelectronics on the $3.8 billion acquisition of Canada’s Future Electronics, one of the largest outbound transactions by a Taiwanese company to date. The bank also acted as both seller and adviser in the $3.4 billion sale of its Taiwan consumer banking business to DBS. Together, these two transactions accounted for over $7 billion in deal volume and underscored Citi’s ability to execute complex, cross-border mandates.
Beyond M&A, Citi supported Taiwan-based issuers in raising nearly $10 billion from global equity and debt markets in 2024 alone, reflecting the bank’s strength across the full spectrum of investment banking services.
What distinguishes Citi is its ability to deliver a seamless cross-border experience, connecting Taiwan’s corporates to more than 90 global markets through integrated advisory, financing and risk solutions. This capability continues to make Citi the partner of choice for companies pursuing international growth.
As global supply chains remain vulnerable to macroeconomic headwinds and tariff uncertainty, Taiwan plays a pivotal role in the ongoing China+ diversification strategy. With its deal landscape increasingly international in scope, Citi’s global-local proposition and proven delivery capabilities remain unmatched in the market.
Best investment bank for ECM 2025: UBS
UBS has earned the title of Taiwan’s best investment bank for equity capital markets (ECM) on the strength of its commanding presence across several landmark transactions in 2024. Ranked number two among ECM bookrunners in Taiwan with an estimated 17% market share, UBS demonstrated the ability to win key mandates and deliver high-impact outcomes for clients.
The bank played a pivotal role in some of the market’s most prominent offerings. For Hon Hai Precision Industry, UBS was joint global coordinator and joint bookrunner on a TWD-linked convertible bond worth $700 million. It also led a $210 million Global Depository Receipt (GDR) offering for VIA Technologies as sole global coordinator and sole bookrunner. In another standout deal, UBS orchestrated a $604 million combo issuance – euro convertible bond (ECB) + GDR – for Giga-Byte Technology, acting as sole global coordinator and lead left bookrunner.
UBS’s expertise extended further with a US$400 million ECB deal for Zhen Ding Technology and a $413 million GDR raise for Alchip Technologies, both led with top-tier roles.
Best digital bank 2025: Cathay United Bank
Cathay United Bank has demonstrated robust advancements in digital banking, securing its position as Taiwan’s best digital bank.
By the end of 2024, the CUBE app supported over 7.5 million users and recorded more than 40 million logins each month, underscoring its central role in the everyday banking habits of Taiwanese consumers. User satisfaction remained exceptionally high, with approximately 90% of users rating the app positively, particularly for its intuitive design and robust security.
The app’s success was driven by a series of major upgrades introduced during the year. These included enhanced personalisation across products through the use of big data analytics, a redesigned interface for a more seamless user experience, and the integration of biometric login capabilities such as fingerprint and facial recognition. These enhancements made digital banking not only easier, but also more secure and intelligent.
Cathay also advanced its cybersecurity strategy by embedding AI-powered fraud detection directly into the CUBE app. This capability was complemented by cloud-based infrastructure upgrades that improved performance, reliability and digital resilience. Together, these innovations helped reinforce user trust at a time when security and convenience are paramount.
Best digital bank for SMEs 2025: Taishin International Bank
Taishin International Bank has earned its title as Taiwan’s best digital bank for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by delivering a cutting-edge platform that meets the evolving needs of this client segment.
Designed with SMEs in mind, the bank’s end-to-end digital platform integrates everything from onboarding and credit assessment to loan disbursement and insurance, streamlining operations and minimising paperwork. Backed by VMware Cloud Foundation, the platform offers high scalability, uptime and resilience, ensuring a reliable banking experience.
In 2024, Taishin introduced fast-track loan approvals, with some disbursed in just 30 minutes, significantly reducing wait times and emissions. Its seamless integration of cash management and financing services gives SMEs unified control over their financial operations. The AI-powered chatbot AI SmartPass enhances customer support, offering real-time assistance through the enterprise banking interface.
Taishin’s commitment to ESG is also evident. By incorporating CO₂ emissions and risk indicators from the Taiwan ESG Bureau into its KYC and credit scoring, the bank enables more accurate and sustainable lending.
Best digital bank for large corporates 2025: DBS
In a market defined by rapid changes in corporates’ business models, international growth and accelerating digitalisation, DBS has emerged as Taiwan’s best digital bank for large corporates.
At the heart of DBS’s offering is IDEAL, its flagship corporate banking platform. IDEAL offers a consolidated interface for managing day-to-day banking activity across desktop, tablet and mobile. This is an important feature for finance teams juggling cross-border operations or decentralised decision-making. Recent enhancements, such as the launch of the IDEAL corporate customer e‑statement, respond to the need for more seamless data integration and faster reconciliation processes. By digitising access to account statements, clients can reduce manual processing, support audit readiness and improve internal reporting workflows.
Liquidity management has also emerged as a key priority for corporates operating in Taiwan’s fast-moving business environment. In response, DBS has integrated Taiwan’s Electronic Auto Clearing House into its transaction banking infrastructure, enabling real-time TWD payments for mass disbursements or automated transfers. This is particularly valuable for firms with high-volume supplier payments or payroll runs that require precision and speed. By offering this functionality via API integration or directly through the IDEAL platform, DBS allows clients to align payment execution more closely with their operational and cash flow cycles.
Sustainability goals are increasingly shaping treasury decisions and DBS has adapted its corporate digital solutions accordingly. Clients seeking to incorporate ESG factors into financing and risk management can access a range of tools through DBS’s digital channels, including support for climate-aligned bond issuance, green finance products and foreign direct investment flows linked to energy transition priorities. These solutions are often sector-specific, reflecting the distinct challenges faced by manufacturers, energy companies and exporters. The ability to manage these activities digitally helps corporates align financial decision-making with broader environmental or investment mandates, without adding operational complexity.
Best bank for consumers 2025: Cathay United Bank
In 2024, Cathay United Bank delivered a standout year, combining robust financial performance with a deepened commitment to consumer innovation. While posting a net profit after tax of NT$37.8 billion ($129 million), a 31% increase year-on-year, the bank reinforced its position as Taiwan’s best bank for consumers.
The bank’s Taiwan retail business experienced strong momentum, driven by rising demand across mortgage, personal finance and credit card segments. This growth was supported by a series of targeted innovations that enhanced accessibility, security and user experience for millions of retail customers. Central to this transformation was the CUBE app, which also earned the bank the title of the country’s best digital bank.
Inclusion remained a key focus. The bank expanded availability of its CUBE Touch Card, Taiwan’s first debit card designed for the visually impaired, featuring a tactile notch and embossed CUBE branding, an innovation that reflects the bank’s ongoing commitment to accessibility.
Further supporting its ESG ambitions, Cathay introduced new green lending products for individuals, offering sustainable home and personal loans that align retail finance with environmental responsibility.
Best bank for ESG 2025: Taipei Fubon Commercial Bank
Taipei Fubon Commercial Bank has earned its position as Taiwan’s best bank for environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices. It ranks first among Taiwanese private banks in both market share and the number of green and sustainable finance deals, underscoring its pivotal role in the country’s transition to a low-carbon economy.
In 2024, the bank led several landmark transactions, including the NT$117 billion ($4 billion) Hai Long Offshore Wind Project, where it acted as mandated lead arranger and environmental adviser, one of only two Taiwanese banks on the deal. It also structured and advised on the NT$15.8 billion loan for SunnyRich’s fishery-solar hybrid project. In corporate lending, it arranged a NT$40 billion sustainability-linked and green loan for Innolux and was sole bookrunner on Wistron’s $500 million ESG-linked facility, guiding the inclusion of an NTD green tranche.
Furthering its ESG innovation, Taipei Fubon became the first bank in Taiwan to launch aggregated power purchase agreements for SMEs, an initiative that broadens access to renewable energy and helps reduce financed emissions through collective purchasing.
The bank also enhanced its climate risk framework with the launch of a climate risk management system in 2024, achieving 100% portfolio coverage under the Partnership for Carbon Accounting Financials methodology and embedding ESG metrics across all credit and investment decisions.
Aligned with international standards including the Science Based Targets initiative, Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures, Principles for Responsible Investment and ISO certifications, Taipei Fubon shows an integrated strategy, while delivering strong execution.
Best bank for financing 2025: CTBC
CTBC has earned the title of Taiwan’s best bank for financing by delivering a high-performing, product-led financing strategy grounded in strong balance sheet fundamentals, regional connectivity and innovation in loan origination and digital platforms.
CTBC reported NT$2.83 trillion ($96 million) in loans and receivables, solidifying its position as a market leader in credit provision. The bank’s financing portfolio expanded notably through increased activity in syndicated loans, structured credit products and sector-specific lending, with a particular focus on industries central to Taiwan’s economy, such as semiconductors, green energy and advanced manufacturing. Lending to the private sector was supported by a diversified funding base, with NT$87.1 billion in interbank borrowings and NT$8.5 billion from central bank facilities.
CTBC’s strength lies in its ability to deliver customised financing solutions for a wide range of clients, from SMEs and local corporates to multinational conglomerates operating across Asia. Its loan syndication team executed landmark deals during the year, leveraging its regional footprint to act as both arranger and underwriter for cross-border credit facilities. The bank also scaled its structured finance capabilities, offering equity-linked and interest rate-hedged instruments to corporate treasurers and financial sponsors.
CTBC’s strategic financing capabilities are reinforced by its regional connectivity, operating through 14 overseas branches and seven representative offices. This network positions the bank as a financing gateway for Taiwanese firms expanding across southeast Asia and Greater China.
Its role in green finance also expanded in 2024, with the bank offering structured lending instruments aligned to ESG metrics and participating in several sustainability-linked loan deals. These initiatives not only support clients’ energy transition but also align with CTBC’s own responsible banking agenda.
Best bank for large corporates 2025: CTBC
CTBC is Taiwan’s best bank for large corporates – recognition given for delivering consistently high performance and demonstrating a strong capacity to meet the complex needs of this segment.
With 154 domestic branches, 14 foreign branches and seven overseas representative offices, CTBC operates across 193 international locations, giving it exceptional reach and the ability to serve Taiwanese corporates with global ambitions. This extensive footprint is especially relevant for large enterprises operating across southeast Asia, North America and North Asia, where CTBC provides seamless support for cross-border transactions, financing and liquidity management.
CTBC plays a central role in supporting Taiwan’s most strategic sectors, including semiconductors, electronics manufacturing, renewable energy and infrastructure. The bank’s deep understanding of these industries allows it to offer tailored financing packages that support both domestic growth and international expansion. Its dedicated international lending division provides outbound capital investment solutions, export-import financing and cross-border cash pooling, enabling large corporates to scale operations and manage liquidity efficiently across jurisdictions.
In parallel with its lending and industry-focused capabilities, CTBC has invested heavily in digital innovation. In 2024, the bank launched an enhanced corporate internet banking portal. Large corporates also benefited from new API-based integrations with enterprise resource planning systems, which streamline financial operations and improve data transparency. Automated credit assessment tools and advanced risk rating systems were introduced to accelerate onboarding and reduce time to credit approval for complex corporate clients.
A standout development during the year was the launch of CTBC’s Global Pay platform. Designed to enhance cross-border payment efficiency, the platform supports transactions in over 120 currencies across 160 countries. Features such as real-time payment tracking and transparent fee disclosures have significantly reduced the need for local accounts and improved operational visibility for treasurers managing global flows.
Best bank for corporate responsibility 2025: Bank SinoPac
Bank SinoPac continues to raise the bar for corporate responsibility in Taiwan, earning recognition as the country’s best bank for corporate responsibility.
SinoPac’s mission to serve underrepresented communities has translated into targeted initiatives that directly address the needs of Taiwan’s ageing population and migrant worker community. For migrant workers, many of whom face language and access barriers, the bank introduced multilingual remittance kiosks, helping non-native speakers conduct financial transactions more independently and confidently. In 2024, the bank disbursed NT$1.447 billion ($49 million) in loans to migrant workers, providing access to capital and bridging financial inclusion gaps.
For Taiwan’s growing elderly population, SinoPac’s eldercare trust products offer a secure way to manage future needs. The value of assets held in these trusts grew by 54% year-on-year, reflecting both strong demand and growing confidence in the bank’s services.
SinoPac has also made significant progress in applying inclusive technologies to its service model. One standout development in 2024 was the launch of augmented-reality navigation tools designed to assist visually impaired customers in navigating bank branches. This innovation signals a broader strategic direction: leveraging technology not just for efficiency or convenience, but to build truly accessible environments.
Best bank for SMEs 2025: E.SUN Bank
E.SUN Bank has continued to distinguish itself as Taiwan’s best bank for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
In 2024, the bank reported strong growth in its SME credit portfolio, reaching approximately NT$605.3 billion ($20.1 billion). This marked an estimated 8.2% year-on-year increase, outpacing the industry average of 5.1%. Despite this expansion, E.SUN maintained exemplary asset quality, with a non-performing loan ratio of just 0.08%, well below the industry average of 0.25%.
The bank has also strengthened its SME services through the innovative use of technology. Digital platforms such as i-Hawk, a corporate transaction analysis tool, and iCatcher, which leverages robotic process automation and AI, have enhanced client onboarding and information processing. These tools have helped streamline operations and improve the SME customer experience. E.SUN has also introduced the OCR-Green Electricity Bill initiative to automate utility bill processing and reduce manual workloads.
Beyond digital innovation, E.SUN has launched targeted initiatives to support regional and sector-specific SME development. Its regional revitalisation programme has financed thousands of businesses through tailored schemes, with total lending exceeding NT$9 billion. Meanwhile, the Farm to Table Project has supported Taiwan’s agricultural sector by extending NT$680 million in loans to around 100 enterprises.
Best bank for markets 2025: HSBC Taiwan
HSBC Taiwan continues to distinguish itself as a leading force in the country’s financial markets, earning recognition as Taiwan’s best bank for markets. The bank delivered a strong performance in 2024, recording a 19% year-on-year increase in markets revenue and a substantial 32% growth in sales revenue.
In the derivatives space, HSBC Taiwan has built a solid reputation among foreign banks operating in the market, underscoring its depth of expertise in complex financial instruments. The bank also plays a growing role in Taiwan’s wealth management sector, ranking among the top foreign issuers of structured notes, a testament to its diversified product offering and trusted advisory capabilities.
HSBC Taiwan’s approach to revenue generation remains well balanced, with a disciplined mix of sales and trading that helps ensure consistent performance across changing market cycles. This measured strategy contributes to financial resilience and long-term sustainability.
On the digital front, HSBC Taiwan continued its modernisation push in 2024. Notably, an internal system upgrade supported preparations for central clearing of OTC derivatives via TAIFEX, marking progress in aligning with international standards in post-trade infrastructure.
HSBC Taiwan has advanced its exchange-traded fund (ETF) servicing capabilities through the deployment of solutions such as Multifonds, Evolve Data Studio and Workflow Exception Manager. These tools support both active and passive ETF strategies, enabling efficient, data-driven operations that align with Taiwan’s regulatory framework.
Best bank for securities services 2025: HSBC Taiwan
HSBC Taiwan’s securities services franchise is setting the pace for the market. The bank delivered robust growth across custody and fund administration and drove innovation through cutting‑edge technology.
In fund services, the bank has consolidated a 73% share of outsourced retail funds, with 10 of the 18 global asset managers active in Taiwan on its platform. Revenue in this segment rose 8% year‑on‑year in 2024, propelled by new mandates to administer and act as transfer agent for both active and passive exchange-traded funds (ETF). The franchise also moved beyond the asset management arena, capturing mandates from labour and national pension schemes. The number of onshore funds it services has climbed 60% in the past year.
Custody operations showed equally robust gains. HSBC safekeeps more than 40% of all FINI investor IDs and has expanded assets under custody by 166% since 2019. The bank processed 4.5 million securities settlements in 2024, a 123% increase over five years, driving a 17% rise in custody revenue.
Much of this growth is powered by an aggressive technology agenda. A new end‑to‑end ETF platform, due in 2025, will link fund administration, transfer agency and custody on a single digital stack; the global Multifonds engine has already been customised to local rules, while data‑first tools such as Evolve Data Studio and API‑enabled reporting are enhancing client insight. On the custody side, redesigned widgets give real‑time trade visibility, and straight‑through processing now covers FX rates, NRIC reporting and SBL broker files.
HSBC continued to shape Taiwan’s market infrastructure. It was the only custodian invited to cross‑ministerial talks that standardised decimal dividend distribution and abolished pre‑funding of warning stocks, and it leads regular industry forums to streamline tax audits and broker‑custodian settlement flows.
Best securities house 2025: Capital Securities Corporation
Capital Securities Corporation, recognised as Taiwan’s top independent full-service securities firm, is the country’s best securities house. This recognition is driven by its increased market participation, focus on innovation and improved operational efficiency.
Ranked among the top five firms in Taiwan for fixed-income underwriting, Capital Securities expanded its market share in brokerage turnover to approximately 3.58%. Its brokerage business benefited from solid performance across domestic and foreign securities, as well as futures, options and margin lending activities.
A key area of growth and innovation lies in its digital strategy. The firm introduced Smart Orders as part of its broader push to support high-frequency trading and digital application services. This initiative integrates securities and futures order flows while improving system stability, designed to attract active retail and institutional clients trading via apps and to drive profitability in the brokerage segment.
On the digital transformation front, the Capital Eagle app showcases the firm’s commitment to integrating advanced technologies, including AI, MyData and robotic process automation. Complementing this, the Capital Edge platform enhances the firm’s advisory services for mergers and acquisitions and business transformation projects. Capital Edge aims to accelerate complex initiatives such as spin-offs and carve-outs, while reducing execution risk and promoting transparent value realisation. These innovations have meaningfully improved both operational efficiency and the client experience.
Best bank for customer experience 2025: E.SUN
E.SUN is Taiwan’s best bank for customer experience through a year of focused investment in digital transformation and service excellence.
In 2024, the bank placed particular emphasis on enhancing its online and mobile banking platforms, redesigning them to offer a more seamless, intuitive and accessible experience. These improvements were informed by continuous customer feedback and the latest in fintech developments, ensuring that the resulting platforms are not only technologically advanced but also aligned with user expectations.
Central to E.SUN’s transformation is its commitment to personalisation. The bank rolled out tailored banking solutions that adapt to individual customer behaviours and preferences. A major milestone was the launch of its Platform for Interactive Communications, powered by machine learning to deliver real-time product recommendations. This innovation led to an industry award for digital banking and has significantly improved the relevance and responsiveness of the bank’s services.
E.SUN also introduced its “5A” strategy – Access, Awareness, Appeal, Action and Advocacy – to guide its efforts in digital engagement, ensuring that every stage of the customer journey is considered and optimised. Supporting this strategy is a growing technology workforce, which exceeded 1,000 employees in 2024, focused on advancing the bank’s capabilities in data analytics, cloud infrastructure and AI.
Beyond technology, E.SUN invested in training programmes to strengthen service quality across all customer touchpoints. The combination of personalised services, digital innovation and consistent human interaction has positioned E.SUN as a leader in experience-driven banking in Taiwan.
Best international bank 2025: DBS
DBS delivered a strong financial and strategic performance in 2024, leading to its position as Taiwan’s best international bank. The institution reported a 63% year-on-year increase in total revenue, reaching NT$29.83 billion (approximately $912 million), while net profit after tax surged by 96%. Return on average equity climbed from 9.9% in 2023 to 14.9%.
This performance was further bolstered by DBS’s successful acquisition of Citi’s Taiwan consumer banking operations, announced in January 2022 and operationally integrated by August 2023. The transaction significantly expanded DBS’s domestic footprint, transforming the bank into one of the top five consumer franchises in the market. Consumer banking deposits nearly tripled, while product innovation – from new insurance offerings to expanded deposit services – delivered strong traction with retail clients.
In corporate and institutional banking, DBS Taiwan has cemented its leadership in structured financial solutions, a segment that has seen consistent growth across Asia. The bank’s commitment to sustainability is evident through initiatives such as the launch of the first biodegradable credit card in Asia – the Eco card – and new green mortgage options, in addition to introducing 37 new ESG funds.
DBS Taiwan participated in several landmark transactions across corporate finance, renewable energy and sustainable infrastructure. It played a lead role in the $1.9 billion syndicated loan for WT Group’s acquisition of Future Electronics, the largest-ever financing for a semiconductor component distributor in Taiwan. The bank also contributed to the $1.6 billion project financing of the Greater Changhua 4 offshore wind farm, a first-of-its-kind transaction. In July 2024, DBS Taiwan participated in a A$650 million (US$420 million) construction loan for the 415 MW Orana Battery Energy Storage System in Australia, a deal that marked a turning point in the commercial financing of standalone energy storage. Furthermore, DBS supported the refinancing of the Mingus Solar Project in Chiayi County, a 70MW plant contributing to Taiwan’s renewable energy goals.
DBS Taiwan’s commitment to the broader community further sets it apart. Partnerships with the Huashan Social Welfare Foundation and Money Trainer Financial Literacy Consulting have advanced financial inclusion and wellbeing among vulnerable groups, underlining DBS’s role in the community.
